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Basic Commands

Commands

Section titled “Commands”
  • ls
  • ls ‐ahl
  • ls -1 | wc -l # count files number
  • ll
  • cd
  • ln
  • mkdir
  • rm / rm -r -f Github/
  • rmdir
  • mv
  • cp
  • rsync -ah —progress —stats $source $destination
  • touch
  • cat
  • nl
  • more
  • less
  • tail
  • grep
  • find
  • locate file_name
  • du option file_or_directory # check the size
  • top
  • history
  • tar -czvf archive_name.tar.gz file_or_directory
  • tar -xvzf archive_name.tar.gz
  • whoami
  • date
  • cal
  • uptime
  • file file_name
  • wc file_name
  • sed options file_name
  • awk ‘pattern { action }’ file_name
  • vcgencmd measure_temp # get the temperature

System

Section titled “System”
  • to set address manually
    ifconfig eth0 inet x.x.x.x
  • Upload files by Filezilla encountered permission denied
    sudo chown -R alex /var/www/html
  • Open Terminal Ctrl + Alt + T
  • sudo poweroff
  • sudo reboot
  • sudo netstat -tulpn | grep LISTEN
  • sudo netstat -anp | grep LISTEN
  • sudo netstat -anvp tcp | grep 4200
  • iptables option
  • systemctl list-unit-files | grep enabled
  • systemctl | grep running
  • systemctl show [unit]
  • systemctl restart [unit]
  • sudo rm -r
  • sudo ufw allow 1520
  • adduser myuser # [myuser 为用户名，可自定义指定]将提示你输入登录密码，请输入并牢记
  • deluser —remove-home username
  • groups username
  • sudo passwd myuser
  • cat /etc/passwd
  • cat /etc/group
  • compgen -u # display all the users
  • compgen -g # display all the groups
  • useradd username
  • usermod -aG sudo myuser # 将创建的用户添加到 sudo 分组中，以便使用管理员的命令
  • userdel username
  • su - root
  • exit # 结束终端会话
  • sudo passwd
  • curl -O https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AlexQianjin/Weapon/master/README.md
  • wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/AlexQianjin/Weapon/master/README.md
  • sudo bash install.sh
  • lsof -i :8000
  • sudo dmidecode -q
  • lshw | less
  • free
  • free -m
  • free -h
  • df -h
  • fdisk -l
  • echo -e “NODE_ENV=production \nPORT=3000 \nMONGOLAB_URI=mongodb://db/weapondb” >> .env
  • sed -i ‘a xxx’ txt
  • sed -i ‘4d’ txt
  • sed -i ‘s/archive.ubuntu.com/mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/g’ /etc/apt/sources.list
  • sed -i ‘s/l.alexqin.cn/localhost/g’ reverse.conf
  • dpkg -l
  • dpkg -i foo.deb && apt-get install -f
  • find / -name ‘let*’ -type d
  • find / -iname ‘let*’ -type d # case insensitive
  • find . -regex ’./txt.+’ | xargs -i mv {} ./test1
  • find . -regex ’./txt.+’ | xargs -I {} mv {} ./test1
  • find . -regex ’./txt.+’ -exec mv {} ./test1 ;
  • find . | grep -E ‘[A-Za-z]{1,9}-[0-9]{13}.+’
  • envsubst envsubst < test.txt > output.file
  • echo “export NODEJS_SERVICE_PORT=1233” >> .bashrc && source .bashrc
  • uname－a
  • uname -r
  • cat /etc/os-release
  • cat /proc/version
  • lsb_release -a
  • apt-cache search php7.4-curl
  • ps -ax | grep apache
  • ps -e / ps -A
  • ps -aux
  • kill {pid}
  • killall process_name
  • sudo systemctl list-unit-files
  • sudo systemctl list-unit-files | grep enabled
  • sudo systemctl status openresty.service
  • sudo systemctl disable nginx.service
  • sudo chown -R $USER moodle/
  • du -sh data/
  • du -sm data/
  • ls ‐lh
  • grep -r font-size . | wc -l // “count number”
  • grep -r h[1-6] ./*.css | wc -l
  • scp root@[source-ip]:/root/cert ./
sudo passwd root
sudo passwd -u root
sudo passwd -l root
sudo -i
#!/bin/bash
echo "This is a shell script"
ls -lah
echo "I am done running ls"
SOMEVAR='text stuff'
echo "$SOMEVAR"


The file must be made executable:


chmod u+x install.sh


Then from a terminal prompt:


sudo ./install.sh

PHP

Section titled “PHP”
  • .\php-cgi.exe -b 127.0.0.1:9000 -c .\php.ini (Windows)
  • php -i | grep extension_dir
  • php -i | grep ini
  • php —ini | grep Loaded
  • php -m

Red Hat

Section titled “Red Hat”
sudo yum list installed